Is ternary lithium battery or lithium iron phosphate better for industrial equipment and civilian electric vehicles?
To choose between ternary lithium or lithium iron phosphate, we need to understand what type of battery these two are.
What is a ternary lithium battery?
Ternary polymer lithium battery refers to a lithium battery with a ternary positive electrode material using lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (Li (NiCoMn) O2) or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide as the positive electrode material. In other words, ternary can be understood as three types of positive electrode materials. The ternary composite positive electrode material is made of nickel salt, cobalt salt, and manganese salt as raw materials, and the proportion of nickel, cobalt, and manganese inside can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, Ningde Times 811 or 523 refers to the proportion of the ratio
What is lithium iron phosphate battery?
Lithium iron phosphate is an electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, with the chemical formula LiFePO4 (abbreviated as LFP [3]), mainly used in various lithium-ion batteries. Motor materials are different from ternary materials.
How should I choose?
The quality of a product cannot be reflected solely in one aspect. It must be applied in practical work to achieve optimal equipment performance, which is the standard for a good product.
In my opinion, there is no superiority or inferiority in technology, only that the application scenarios of ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate are different, each reflecting their strengths and advantages. From the perspective of batteries alone, there is no distinction between good and bad. To apply in practical scenarios, choose based on the advantages of ternary and lithium iron phosphate.
Why do most new energy vehicles now use three yuan? The advantages of ternary are as follows
1、 Better performance in sub zero low temperature discharge
Our country has a relatively large latitude and longitude span, so there is a large temperature difference between the north and south in winter. Lithium iron phosphate ternary batteries can be called lithium batteries, but they are more suitable for ternary lithium batteries in winter in the north. The highest temperature in summer in the north is around 30 ℃, while in winter it remains at around minus 16 ℃ or even lower. This temperature range is obviously suitable for ternary lithium batteries with better low-temperature performance. And lithium iron phosphate batteries may appear somewhat weak in winter in the north.
Moreover, in terms of discharge curve, the ternary discharge curve is more stable, so the device reads the electricity more accurately. However, the discharge curves of lithium iron phosphate at 3.65V and 3.0V are completely different, so the reading of electricity display is not accurate.
2、 Ternary lithium batteries have better energy density.
There are several types of ternary lithium batteries, including cylindrical 18650 and large monomers. Let's take 18650 as an example
The energy density of 18650 batteries has reached 232Wh/kg and will be further increased to 293Wh/kg in the future. It is a battery that only provides electricity to the village, weighing about 5kg. Currently, domestic lithium iron phosphate batteries can only reach about 150Wh/kg. According to experts in the domestic battery industry, it is expected to exceed 300Wh/kg, but the low-temperature discharge performance cannot be improved
For new energy vehicles or two wheeled electric vehicles, a small battery size and a large storage capacity are better. However, for safety reasons, a higher energy density of ternary lithium batteries is equivalent to being more active. Therefore, many new energy vehicles still choose ternary lithium batteries, such as Tesla, which has been using ternary lithium batteries
4、 You can rest assured of the cycle life
For family cars, the rated cycle life of ternary materials and lithium iron phosphate power batteries far exceeds the actual user's usage habits, so the service life can be completely assured. Taking the current high-capacity single cell battery as an example, after 1000 cycles of charging and discharging, the battery capacity can still maintain over 80% of its initial capacity. I am also an electric car owner myself, and I can only charge every three days during the coldest month of winter when I frequently turn on the heater. The rest of the time, I usually charge every week or so. Assuming an average of 5 days of charging per year, it takes about 6 charges per month to use, with a cycle life of 1000 cycles. It takes about a year to use it up, which basically exceeds the current average car replacement cycle for Chinese consumers.
